Selectivity improvement and extractive removal by various. Download acacia mangium willd ecology and silviculture in vietnam book for free in pdf, epub. Asynchronous wood formation in young acacia mangium, a representative fastgrowing species in tropical regions. Pdf acacia mangium willd ecology, silviculture and. The distance from the pith of the boundary between juvenile and mature wood was also examined to clarify the maturity of the wood. Macroscopic and anatomical investigation of interlocked. Kayu yangdigunakan adalah mangium yang berumur 22 tahun, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase kandungan kayu muda pada mangium yang diduga melalui persamaan regresi sekitar 50% r. In general, tropical trees have lessdistinct growth rings. Wood anatomical structures of tropical acacias and its. A comparative wood anatomy of 15 woody species in north. Wood quality of acacia hybrid and secondgeneration acacia. Possibility of improvement in fundamental properties of. Radial variations in the anatomical characteristics and.
This manual, acacia mangium willd ecology, silviculture and productivity, is one of a series of five manuals. The anatomical structure of mangium from both mother tree groups include vessels cells in radial multiples radial multiple of 23 or 4 cells. With forest plantations becoming an increasingly important source of wood. Crossing between acacia mangium and acacia auriculiformis will result acacia hybrid whether naturally or artificially. The calorific value in both acacia wood was influenced by vessel frequency. Acacia mangium is an evergreen fastgrowing tropical tree, which can grow up to 30 m tall and 50 cm thick, under favorable conditions. It produces a wood that is useful for a variety of purposes. Mechanical and physical properties of crosslaminated. However sining 1988 reported a slightly higher sg range from the plantation. Properties of acacia mangium planted in peninsular malaysia. The timber hybrid acacia is of medium dense having specific gravity 0. Macroscopic and anatomical investigation of interlocked grain. Mangium the wood database lumber identification hardwood. The anatomical characteristics and density of wood were examined in 23year old acacia mangium trees that had been planted in yogyakarta.
This manual gathers information on the ecology and silviculture of acacia mangium willd. Mohammed danish universiti sains malaysia academia. The mean basic density of acacia hybrid was comparable with acacia mangium. It concerns structural graded timber in vertical uses with mean density upper 0. Acacia hybrid, anatomical features, fiber dimensions, tissue.
Acacia mangium trees have been planted extensively because of their rapid growth, ability to adapt to soil with low fertility. Acacia melanoxylon is the bestknown and highly valued temperate acacia timber species, with harvesting from natural tasmanian forests. The r 2 and rpd of calibration and prediction were generally 0. Mangium acacia mangium wood is hard, with a basic specific gravity of 0. A study on the tissue proportions and fibre dimensions of plantationgrown acacia man gium was carried out, ten selected trees from two age groups 4 and 8yearold were obtained from plantation forests in selangor. Tanaman ini pada mulanya dikembangkan eksitu di malaysia barat dan selanjutnya di malaysia timur, yaitu di sabah dan serawak, karena menunjukkan pertumbuhan yang baik maka filipina telah mengembangkan pula sebagai tanaman hutan. Physical and mechanical properties of fast growing. Acacia mangium, have been introduced in plantation forests in sarawak, malaysia, and their wood qualities were examined. Anatomical ratios calculated from the dimensional measurements of fibres. List of figures and tables figures 1 acacia mangium seed 1 2 acacia mangium seedlings 1 3 acacia mangium flowering branch 2 4 acacia mangium tree habitat 2 5 bark of a 7yearold acacia mangium tree 4 6 fouryearold acacia mangium plantation in phu tho province, vietnam 6 7 growth in diameter and height of acacia mangium in different age classes in sample plots in. Red acacia is native to northern and western africa, where its wood is also burned as incense to treat joint pain and prevent fever. The objective of this report is to show the asynchronous wood formation from the observation of indistinct, ringlike structures.
Despite the advantages of the acacia mangium wood, its extractives content is known to be quite high when compared to that of other hardwoods as shown in table 1 14. The present report is included in the project and focuses on revealing the asynchronous wood formation in the young trees of this species. Acacia mangium is a perennial tree native to australia and asia. Pdf acacia mangium is an evergreen fastgrowing tropical tree, which can grow up to 30 m tall and 50 cm thick, under favorable conditions. In a study, vessel and fibre orientations in acacia mangium. The volumetric shrinkage of hybrid acacia wood was found greater.
Nirpredicted and laboratory values of chemical content for mangium wood hemicellulose with good predictive results for acacia mangium wood from 57yearold trees. In vietnam, the variation in acacia wood properties is affected by climatic. Similarity index among acacia mangium, acacia auriculiformis, and its hybrid based on the anatomical properties of root, stem, and leaf. This study was designed to investigate negative gravitropism, tension wood formation and growth eccentricity in acacia mangium seedlings inclined at different angles.
Radial variation in the anatomical characteristics and density of the wood of acacia mangium of five different provenances in indonesia. However basic density and strength properties of secondgeneration a. The seeds had been collected from trees of five different provenances. The prospect for acacia mangium willd as a raw material of pulp and paper in indonesia by sipon muladi1, othar kordsachia2 and r. Forestry department food and agriculture organization of the. Distribution and growth acacia mangium has a fragmented natural distribution which stretches from indonesia where it occurs on the islands of sula. Total brunauer, emmett and teller bet surface area has been found to be 1038. A racosperma mangium indigenous to northeastern australia. It has several names such as black wat tle, hickory wattle and mangium. It is a lowelevation species associated with rain forest. We cannot guarantee that every book is in the library.
Acacia mangium is a major plantation species in the humid tropical lowlands of asia. The wood was sawn, trimmed, and planed into mm long by 70 mm wide and 18. Modeling microfibril angle and tree age in acacia mangium. Moisture content, basic density, and tangential, radial and longitudinal shrinkage of wood were assessed in samples from three different heights in trees of acacia mangium 10, 15 or 20 y old grown in bangladesh. Acacia mangium x auriculiformis and teknologi hasil hutan. The sapwood is cream colored and the heartwood is ash dark brownyellowish francis j. The obvious primary use for acacia mangium is wood. Tension wood anatomy in artificially induced leaning stems of some tropical trees. Pdf trace elements measurement of mangium wood acacia. The average percentage of fibres, vessels and rays of 4yearold and 8yearold samples are 85. Wood tissues from pith and bark regions were cut accurately with different thicknesses of 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60m 0.
Amazonia reforestations miracle tree acacia mangium products and uses 1 above. Acacia mangium is a singlestemmed evergreen tree or shrub that grows to 2535 m in height. Even if the trees have some concentric structures, there is little information on the timing of their formation. Asynchronous wood formation in young acacia mangium planted. Several studies of the properties and anatomy of the acacia hybrids have shown that it. Cellulose acetate production from acacia mangium pulp. Pdf wood quality of acacia hybrid and secondgeneration.
Two new tree variants, namely acacia hybrid and secondgeneration acacia mangium, have been introduced in plantation forests in sarawak, malaysia, and their wood qualities were examined. The hard, light brown wood is dense, with narrow sapwood and a straight, close grain. Stem gravitropism and tension wood formation in acacia. Diameter at breast height d, height h and mean annual increments mai of dbh and height for a.
Wood and bark fiber characteristics of acacia melanoxylon. The objectives of this study were to compare anatomical wood. Physical and mechanical properties of fast growing polyploid. It is currently grown primarily for pulp and paper in sabah, sumatra and vietnam. Its uses include environmental management and wood. Acacia mangium and its changing global distribution a. Acacia mangium wikipedia bahasa indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas. It also includes growth and yield data from published sources and collected from sites under communitycompany partnerships in south kalimantan and riau provinces. The two largest species of acacias for plantation in indonesia are acacia mangium and acacia auriculiformis. The physical and mechanical properties of hybrid acacia, produced from natural crossing between two introduced timber species acacia auriculiformis and acacia mangium were studied. Dec 28, 2011 the anatomical characteristics and density of wood were examined in 23yearold acacia mangium trees that had been planted in yogyakarta, indonesia. The upper discs of each section were used for the anatomical studies, the lower discs for the sg determination. Apart from yielding papers, pulp has a high potential for cellulosebased product development due to its chemical composition. Acacia wood grows all over the world including asia, india, the middle east, australia and the americas.
Acacia mangium is in subgenus phyllodinae, a group containing in excess of 900 species maslin and mcdonald, 1996. The surface area of the formed phosphoric acid treated a. Common names include black wattle, hickory wattle, mangium, and forest mangrove. Anatomy of acacia mangium grown in malaysia universiti. Department of wood fibre technology and industry, school of international tropical forestry, universiti malaysia sabah, 88999 kota kinabalu, sabah, malaysia. Acacia auriculiformis is used for fuelwood, whilst the a. The results showed that wood anatomical structures varied among the. Mangium wood is a dense, allpurpose hardwood with an attractive mediumbrown color, harvested and utilized for various enduses such as veneer, lumber, and for. An acacia hybrid an interspecific hybrid of acacia mangium and acacia auriculiformis was first recognized in malaysia in. Mangium is commonly grown as a plantation species, and density of the wood can vary greatly depending on tree age and growing conditions. Youngacacia mangium planted in malaysia was investigated for asynchronous wood formation. Its heartwood is mediumbrown, hard, strong and durable in wellventilated situations, although not in ground contact national research council 1983. As no data on growth and wood properties of kerala grown a.
Wood anatomy the role of macroscopic and microscopic. Acacia hybrid, as its parents, was developed to support pulp and paper industries. Radial variations in the anatomical characteristics and density of the. Read as many books as you like personal use and join over 150. Physical and mechanical properties of acacia mangium and acacia. Acacia mangium wood has been found suitable for many different applications, and thus becoming dominant plantation species. Open abstract view article, fiber dimension and anatomy of acacia mangium wood from two mother trees pdf, fiber dimension and anatomy of acacia mangium wood from two mother trees mangium acacia mangium has been opted as one of potential species for the establishment of industrial timber estate in indonesia, particularly to support the. Improvements in technology and tree breeding techniques have increased the interest in acacia products 12. Acacia mangiurn wood is diffuseporous with mostly solitary vessels.
Default grading for solid wood, according to requirements of european standard en 140811 annex c april 2009. Karakteristik kayu muda pada mangium acacia mangium. Acacia mangium is a species of flowering tree in the pea family, fabaceae, that is native to northeastern queensland in australia, the western province of papua new guinea, papua, and the eastern maluku islands. Acacia mangium willd ecology and silviculture in vietnam. Acacia mangium wood is diffuseporous with mostly solitary vessels. Wood and bark fibers of acacia melanoxylon were characterized and compared to eucalyptus globulus which.
The chemistry acacia mangium wood, a prominent fastgrowing plantation species used in the. Gibberellin is required for the formation of tension wood. Astringents are often used medicinally taken internally, for example. The objectives of this study were to compare anatomical wood properties, chemical composition and wood density between an acacia hybrid and its parents, namely, acacia mangium and acacia auriculiformis. Jun, 2019 medicinal the bark of all acacia species contains greater or lesser quantities of tannins and are astringent. Wood anatomy the role of macroscopic and microscopic wood. With such diversity, acacia has considerable potential in a range of livestock and agro forestry systems. Acacia mangium plantations will soon spread to other regions of the world such as south america, competing with other hardwood fiber sources. Pdf two new tree variants, namely acacia hybrid and. Of the total mangium lumber production of 1,102,400 3m, 69. Keywords acacia mangium anatomical characteristics seed provenance wood density wood quality introduction acacia mangium is one of the most important woody species in tropical and subtropical countries. It is a multipurpose tree used in agroforestry, forestry and for restoration of degraded lands. The objectives of this study were to assess the basic properties anatomical.
Rubroshorea wood anatomy requested expertise identification of pulp and paper. Wood quality of acacia hybrid and secondgeneration acacia mangium ismail jusoh, farawahida abu zaharin, and nur syazni adam. Mechanical and physical properties of crosslaminated timber. Wild were compared macroscopically and microscopically to analyse the interlocked. Wood anatomical structures of tropical acacias and. The wood anatomical structures were observed including some macroscopic and microscopic features. Ahmad and ang 1993 noted that acacia mangium is suitable for reclaiming compacted sites, including decking and primary logging roads in loggedover forests.
These wood tissues had been used for scanning electron microscope sem, atomic modeling microfibril angle and tree age in acacia mangium wood using xray diffraction technique. Okuyama t, yamamoto h, yoshida m, hattori y, archer rr. Its success is due to its extremely vigorous growth rate, tolerance of highly acidic, low nutrient soils, ability to grow reasonably well where competition is severe for example imperata grasslands, relative freedom from disease, wood properties that make it suitable for a wide range of uses, and ease of. In order to read online acacia mangium willd ecology and silviculture in vietnam textbook, you need to create a free account. Acacia melanoxylon is the bestknown and highly valued temperate acacia timber species, with harvesting from natural tasmanian forests and plantations in new zealand, south africa, and chile. Acacia wood is marked and sold according to its species and grain pattern. One variety, red acacia or acacia seyal, is believed to have been used to build egyptian coffins, the ark of the covenant, and noahs ark. Within subgenus phyllodinae the species are grouped into seven sections with a.
Tingkat kesamaan acacia mangium, acacia auriculiformis, dan. Fiber dimension and anatomy of acacia mangium wood from two. Pdf effects of age and height variation on physical. Pdf near infrared nir spectroscopy for estimating the. The anatomical wood properties, chemical composition and wood density acacia hybrid its parents. Patt2 presented at kyoto university 2009 1department of forest product technology, faculty of forestry, mulawarman university 2hamburg university. Physical and mechanical properties of acacia auriculiformis. Jan 29, 2019 background acacia mangium, a fastgrowing tree native to parts of indonesia, papua new guinea and australia, has been cultivated outside its native environment and introduced into humid tropical lowland regions of asia, south america and africa over the last few decades. Acacia mangium growth rate is the fastest among the other acacia species in both low and high fertility. This manual is one of five manuals that guide smallholder tree planting of five selected tree species in indonesia.
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